Hebrew-English Cognates: Vocabulary List For Easy Reference
- Written byMarta Krzeminska
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There are quite a lot of Hebrew-English cognates that make the process of learning Hebrew much easier.
What is a cognate?
These are words that are related or derived from each other.
For example, the word cider (a refreshing beverage in English) comes from the Hebrew word שכר (shekhar) meaning “strong drink”.
There are also many Hebrew words that are so common in English that they have become part of the English language (e.g. amen after prayers).
Cognates are always a good starting point when learning new vocabulary since you’re able to acquire a large number of already-known words very quickly.
See the lists (by no means exhaustive) below and bookmark this page for easy reference.
List of Hebrew-English cognates
Here you’ll find an alphabetical list of many Hebrew-English cognates.
English | Hebrew origin | Meaning |
---|---|---|
abacus | אבק | dust |
agora | אגורה | small coin |
aliyah | עלייה | ascent |
almemar | אלממר | bema |
amen | אמן | certainly |
baal | בעל | lord |
babel | בלל | to confound |
Bar Mitzvah | בר מצוה | son of the commandment |
bath | בת | volume measurement |
bat mitzvah | בת מצוה | daughter of the commandment |
behemoth | בהמות | beast |
bethel | ביתאל | house of God |
bris | ברית | covenant |
challah | חלה | leavened bread |
chazan | חזן | cantor |
cherub | כרוב | angel |
cider | שכר | strong drink |
dybbuk | דיבוק | wandering soul |
edenic | עדן | delight |
ephah | איפה | 1/10 homer dry measure |
ganef | גנב | thief |
gerah | גרה | grain |
get | גט | divorce document |
golem | גולם | shapeless mass |
goy | גוי | nation |
halacha | הלכה | way |
halleluja, alleluia | הללויה | praise YHWH |
heder | חדר | room |
homer | חמר | swell up |
Hosanna | הושענה | save |
jubilee | יובל | ram’s horn |
judas | יהודה | celebrated |
kashrut | כשר | be appropriate |
kibbutz | קיבוץ | gathering |
kibosh | כבש | disregard |
kosher | כשר | be appropriate |
leviathan | לויתן | sea monster |
macabre | מקבת | hammer |
matzo | מצה | unleavened bread |
maven | מבין | one who is experienced |
mazeltov | מזל טוב | good luck |
mazuma | מזומן | fixed |
menorah | מנורה | candlestick |
meshuga | משוגע | crazy |
messiah | משיח | anointed one |
midrash | מדרש | explanation |
mitzvah | מצוה | commandment |
mohel | מוהל | person who performs circumcisions |
pascal | פסח | passover |
pharaoh | פרעה | Egyptian ruler |
pharisee | פרש | separate |
rabbi | רב | master |
sabbatical | שבת | day of rest |
satan | שטן | adversary |
schmooze | שמועות | rumor |
schwa | שוא | unstressed vowel |
seder | סדר | order |
selah | סלה | pause |
seraph | שרף | celestial being / angel |
shalom | שלום | peace |
shamus | שמש | sexton |
shegetz | שקץ | blemish |
shekel | שקל | weigh |
shibboleth | שיבולת | stream |
shiksa | שקץ | abomination / racist insult to non-Jewish women |
siddur | סידור | arrangement |
sukkah | סוכה | booth |
teraph | תרפים | household god |
Torah | תורה | law |
tush | תחת | beneath |
tzitzit | ציצית | tassels |
yeshiva | ישיבה | talmudic school |
yid | יהודה | celebrated |
zaddik | צדיק | righteous |
Greek letter names of (presumed) Hebrew origin
It’s fair to say that many of the Greek letter names have become a part of English due to their wide usage in mathematics and so on.
Some of these Greek letters are presumed to share a common origin with Hebrew (and Phoenician) letter names.
See the following table for reference:
English | Greek | Hebrew (presumed origin) |
---|---|---|
alpha | Άλφα | אלף |
beta | Βήτα | בית |
gamma | Γάμμα | גמל |
delta | Δέλτα | דלת |
eta | ήτα | חית |
iota | Ιώτα | יד |
kappa | Κάππα | כף |
lambda | Λάμβδα | למד |
nu | Νυ | נון |
pi | Πι | פה |
rho | Ρω | ראש |
tau | Ταυ | תו |
English names of Hebrew origin
Below you’ll find a list of names (and variations) of Hebrew origin that are common in English.
English name | Hebrew origin | Meaning |
---|---|---|
Abelia / Abelian | הבל | emptiness |
Abigail | אביגיל | father of exhaltation |
Adam | אדם | earth |
Ammonite | עמון | of the tribe of Ammon |
Bedlam | בית לחם | Bethlehem |
Bejesus | ישוע | Jesus / salvation |
Benday / Benjamin | בנימין | son of the right hand |
Cassia | קסיה | cinnamon |
Davit / David | דוד | beloved |
Haman / Hamantasch | המן | vizier |
Jack / Jacket / Jacob | יעקב | he has protected |
Jehu | יהוא | YHWH is |
Jeremiad | ירמיהו | the Lord will rise |
Jeroboam | ירבעם | people will contend |
Jesuit | ישוע | salvation |
Jezebel | איזבל | chaste |
Jimmy | יעקב | he has protected |
Jockey | יוחנן | the Lord is gracious |
Joe / Joseph | יוסף | he shall add |
John | יוחנן | the Lord is gracious |
Lazar / Lazaretto | אלעזר | God is my help |
Macadum / Macadamia | אדם | earth |
Mary / Marionette | מרים | Miryam |
Michael / Mick | מיכאל | mikha’el |
Nance / Nancy | חנה | Hannah / favored |
Nimrod | נמרוד | hunter |
Philistine / Palestinian | פלשתים | migratory |
Samaritan | שמרונ | watch station |
Semitic | שם | name |
Sodom / Sodomite | סדום | burnt |
Toby | טוביה | goodness of YHWH |
Yankee | יוחנן | the Lord is gracious |
You know more Hebrew than you realize
Just looking at the lists above, you can see that you actually know quite a bit of Hebrew already.
Add to this the fact that Modern Hebrew uses many loanwords from European languages (as well as numerals), and you quickly realize that Hebrew is not as exotic as you first thought.
Want to go further with your Hebrew study? Refer to our guide on the best online Hebrew courses.
Did I miss any important cognates?
Comment below.
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